Prenatal Nutrition: The Effects Of Caffeine and Green Tea

Pregnant women would be wise to limit the amount offine. Two studies, one by Danish scientists who
green tea they drink during pregnancy, and should beinterviewed more than 88,000 pregnant women, and
careful about taking any green tea supplements.the other by the Yale University School of Medicine,
Green tea is rich in antioxidants, and has a host ofhad similar findings on caffeine during pregnancy.
health benefits relating to dental health, blood sugarThe concerns over caffeine were that it would lead to
levels, cholesterol, and weight loss. But researcherslow birth weight or miscarriage. And this is still true of a
have found, whilst examining the active constituent ofvery high daily intake of coffee. The Yale team found
green tea, the epigallocatechins, or EGCG for short,that drinking about 600mg of caffeine a day, which is
that it may affect the way the body uses folate.about 6 cups of coffee, would reduce birth weight to
Folate is important for pregnant women as it preventslevels that were clinically significant. The rate at which
neural tube birth defects in babies.birth weight was reduced was established at being 28
The problem of green tea during pregnancy is that thegrams per 100 mg, or 1 cup, of coffee per day. But
EGCG molecules are structurally similar to athey emphasized that this would not be significant for
compound called methotrexate. Methotrexate is ablemoderate caffeine consumption.
to kill cancer cells by chemically bonding with anThe Danish study found that drinking 8 cups or more
enzyme in the body called enzyme dihydrofolateof coffee per day (this would be about 16 cups or
reductase (DHFR). Healthy people have this enzymemore of tea), would increase the chances of
also - it is part of what is called the folate pathway,miscarriage, or stillbirth, by 60% compared to women
which is the pathway, or steps, the body takes towho did not drink caffeine. They also found that
transform nutrients like folate into something that canmoderate coffee or tea drinking did not pose
be used to support its normal functions.significant risks. For those drinking half a cup to 3 cups
But this chemical similarity means that the EGCG inof coffee a day, the risk of fetal death was 3% higher
green tea also binds with the enzyme DHFR, andcompared to non-caffeine drinkers. And for those
when it does this, it inactivates this enzyme. When thisdrinking 4 to 7 cups of coffee a day, the risk increases
enzyme is inactivated, the ability of the body to useto 33%. One cup of coffee equals about 2 cups of
folate is going to be affected. How much green tea istea when comparing caffeine levels. The
able to be consumed, or precisely how much folaterecommended amount of coffee drunk is up to 3 cups
absorption is affected, is unclear. Though the researchdaily, or 6 cups of tea, by the UK food agency.
article did say that drinking 2 cups of green tea a dayReferences:
can stop cancer cells (which is what methotrexate is1. nutraingredients-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=58807
targeting) from growing.2. nutraingredients-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=24747
The good news on caffeine drank during pregnancy,3. foodnavigator.com/news/ng.asp?
from coffee and tea, is that a moderate amount is