Nutritional Requirements

Good nutrition must help in achieving and maintaining afrom proteins are necessary for growth and
healthy body composition and high energy levels fordevelopment.o Complex carbohydrates from whole
physical and mental work. The requirements do notgrains, fruits and vegetables as they do not suddenly
change much between the ages of 19 and 45 years.cause change in blood glucose level.o The right kind of
However, requirements vary depending on the age,fats(polyunsaturated fats) are needed for the
gender and activity level of an individual. We shall heredevelopment and maintenance of certain tissues and
try to give the requirements categorically.also for absorption of certain fat soluble vitamins.o
Nutrition for childrenEssential vitamins and other micronutrients.
Good nutrition is essential for growing children and soNutrition for elderly
to be aware of nutritional requirements for kids. It alsoChances are that many elderly adults are eating alone
helps prevent obesity and other weight-relatedand hence are at particular risk for poor nutrition. The
diseases. The following may help to give your child anutrient needs of the elderly are voluntarily reduced as
nutritious diet:o regular intake of fruits and vegetablesothey become older. Again if their diet is less nutritionally
lean meat, nuts and eggs are healthy sources ofdense, then a problem arises. It is true that, at this time
proteino serve whole-grain breads and cereals forin life, energy needs are lower because metabolic rate
they are high in fibero broil, grill or steam instead ofand physical activity are decreased.
frying foodo fast food and junk food must be limitedoIt is still very essential to eat a variety of nutritional
water and milk may be substituted for sugary fruitfoods.o Foods high in sugar, fat, or alcohol have low
drinks and sodasnutritional value. Fat taken should be more in the form
Get more information about your child's nutrientof monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat which
requirements. A healthy diet for children must includeprovide essential fatty acids.o Because of the lower
the following nutrients:o Iron -It is needed to makeenergy needs protein-containing foods should be of
hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying component of RBCohigh qualityo Carbohydrates in vegetables, whole grains
Calcium - it is a key building block for strong andand fruits have high fiber content as also essential
healthy bones.o Vitamins - These are essential forvitamins and mineralso Some older adults restrict their
healthy growth and development in children.ointake of water to limit trips to the toilet resulting in the
Carbohydrates -They are the body's most importantrisk of dehydration. 6 to 8 cups of water a day is
and readily available source of energy which maymust.o Some drugs may affect food intake by
break broken down and cause blood sugar level indepressing or stimulating the appetite and may also
your child to rise quickly.o Fiber - When combined withreduce the absorption of nutrients from foods.
adequate fluid intake, high-fiber fare helps in digestionMetabolism and excretion of nutrients are affected by
and may protect against gut cancers and constipation.some others.
It helps prevent diabetes and heart disease.o Fat - ItNutrition for men
helps to build nerve tissue (like the brain) andWhile women have special nutritional needs for their
hormones. The body also uses fat as fuel.o Minerals -biological demands, men too need to pay attention to
These are inorganic substances which help intheir nutritional demands. In general, nutritional
formation of bones and teeth, essential constituents ofrequirements in men are greater than in women, for
body fluids and tissues, components of enzymethe reason that men are larger and have more muscle
systems, nerve function.mass than women.
The nutritional requirements vary by age, so parentsLet's consider a few major nutrients for men.o
must consult their child doctors to get detailed dailyCalcium- Calcium is an important nutrient required in
requirement recommendations.lowering the risk of osteoporosis in men, too much of it
Nutrition for womenmay be harmful in turn. Risk of prostate cancer is
The fact that women have highly different phases inincreased in men who consume high levels of calcium
life because of the reproductive factor in their life is afrom foods and supplements.o Iron- Men need less
reason for the variance in women's nutritional needsiron. Men with high iron stores were susceptible to
as compared to men.increased risk of heart attackso Protein- Men weigh
Eating healthy keeps energy levels high and will makesmore, so require more protein. Excess protein
to manage the responsibilities and commitments thataccelerates calcium loss in urine and hence men with a
have to be dealt with every day.high risk of kidney stones should watch their protein
A healthy diet must include the following basicintake.o Fiber- Men require more fiber than women for
constituents:o Lean protein- Proteins are essential asprotection against heart disease and are based on
being the building blocks of life. Amino acids derivedenergy intake.